Sampling and Collecting Quantitative and Qualitative Data

Sampling and Collecting Quantitative and Qualitative Data

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Discussion: Sampling and Collecting Quantitative and
Qualitative Data

It is often not possible or practical to study an entire
population, so researchers draw samples from which they make inferences about a
population of interest. In quantitative research, where generalization to a
population is typically valued, a researcher’s ability to make such inferences
is only as good as the sampling strategy she or he uses to obtain the sample.
Once an appropriate sample has been obtained, data collection should involve
valid and reliable measures to ensure confidence in the results, as well as the
ability to generalize the research outcomes. Although generalization is
typically not a goal in qualitative research, sampling is just as important in
qualitative and mixed methods research, as is obtaining reliable and valid
results. Indeed, for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research,
sampling strategies and accurate data collection methods are critical aspects
of the research process.

Specific methods of data collection (e.g., surveys,
interviews, observations) produce specific types of data that will answer
particular research questions, but not others; so here too, as covered in
previous weeks, the research questions inform how the data will be obtained. Furthermore,
the method used to collect the data may impact the reliability and the validity
of that data.

For this Discussion, you will first consider sampling
strategies. Then, you will turn your attention to data collection methods,
including their strengths, limitations, and ethical implications. Last, you
will consider measurement reliability and validity in the context of your
discipline.

With these thoughts in mind, if your last name starts with A
through L, use Position A. If your last name starts with M through Z, use
Position B.

Position A: Probability sampling represents the best
strategy for selecting research participants.

Position B: Nonprobability (or purposive) sampling
represents the best strategy for selecting research participants.

Explanation & Answer

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